Lesson
2. The Warm Up
The warm up is basic in Physical Education. We do it
everyday, so it is the first thing you must learn.
1. WHAT
IS A WARM-UP? DEFINITION
A warm up is a
series of exercises, which increases in intensity, you do before any physical
activity to prepare body and mind to
improve your performance in the main activity.
2. OBJECTIVES OF THE WARM UP:
If you do a good warm up, you can get:
1) Protection against injuries
2) Better performance
3. EFFECTS OF
THE WARM UP ON OUR BODY:
-You increase your body
temperature. -You also increase your heart
rate |
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-There is also an increase in
blood circulation, and oxygen in blood travels faster reaching the muscles at
work. |
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-Your muscles extend more and are
more elastic -Your joints move more
efficiently -You react faster -You will be mentally focused on the training
or competition
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4. PARTS
OF A WARM-UP:
·
What are the parts of an effective Warm-Up?
1) The general warm-up
1.1.Aerobic activity : 3-5
minutes SLOW JOG to
increase body temperature
1.2. Stretching
- Static stretching : Static Stretching as the name implies is static or "without
movement" It involves stretching the target muscle and hold the
stretch for about 20-30 seconds for 1-3 repetitions. You must focus on all the major muscle
groups (back, abdominals, forearms and wrists, triceps,biceps, shoulders,
chest, buttocks, groin (adductors), thighs (quadriceps and adductors),
calves and hamstrings) .
- Dynamic stretching: It utilizes active movement to take the body part through its
range of motion. This active movement prepares the muscles for exercise.
Examples of dynamic stretching include: shoulder circles, different types
of arm swings, side bends, hips circles and twists, alternate toe touches,
carioca, leg swings, straight leg kicks, walking lunges with upper body
twist, walking knee and heel hugs, open and close knees, butt kickers, high
knees, hip internal and external rotation, ankle bounce and much more
exercises . It is used to both wake up and warm up the body along with
stretching it.
1.3. Speed
part: sprints, accelerations …..
2. Sport specific warm-up : in this part, you .perform exercises similar to the sport you are going
to play and warm up the muscles you are going to
use in the specific sport or activity.
Warm ups are specific to the sport
or activity you practice. So, the warm-up volleyball players do is different from the one
footballers do.
This part must also be progressive
in intensity. It must start slow and increase the intensity. It must end at a
intensity similar to the sport you are going to practise.
Such
sport-specific activity is beneficial because it improves coordination, in
fact, it facilitates nerve transmission and muscle metabolism; a specific warm
up can facilitate motor unit recruitment required in subsequent all out
activity
5. How long should a warm up
take? It will depend on many different factors such
as type of sport, temperature, individual needs......, but il will take around
20’-
·
5 minutes jogging to increase body temperature
·
5
minutes static flexibility
·
5
minutes dynamic stretching exercises to reduce muscle stiffness
·
10 minutes for specific warm up drills - preparation for the session or
competition. e.g. for a soccer player ( passes, dribbles, shots, controls and
reduced soccer games...)
6. How long
would have passed between the end of the warm up and the beginning of the
competition or main activity? No more than 10 minutes.